Home | Syllabus | Film Series and Reviews | Examinations | Web Readings | Lecture Outlines | Selected Lecture Notes History 369:  The World Since1914

Web Readings

World History Sites on the Web Internet Modern History Sourcebook   Internet African History Sourcebook   Internet East Asian History Sourcebook   Internet Indian History Sourcebook   Internet Islamic History Sourcebook   Internet Global History Sourcebook   World History, 1500-Present   The Historical Text Archive   The 20th Century: Conflict,Attitude and Changing Religions   Web Assignment  1 . The World in 1914. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 1-35.  Secondary Sources:  European Expansion in the Nineteenth Century: An Account of Imperialism from a history textbook written in 1905.   Expansion I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Expansion II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Discontent and Tension I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Discontent and Tension II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Primary Sources:  The Triple Alliance: 20 May, 1882   The Franco-Russian Alliance: 18 August, 1892   Laws of War   Web Assignment  2 :  World War I.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 36-43.  Secondary Sources:  The War I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   The War II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   An American Account of World War I   Primary Sources:  A Serbian account of the Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand   The Austro-Hungarian Ultimatum to Serbia: 23 July, 1914   The "Willy-Nicky" Telegrams: 29 July - 1 August, 1914   War on the Eastern Front: The Battle of Wirballen   The Use of Poison Gas: 22 April, 1915   A Canadian Account of the Battle of the Somme   The Husain-McMahon Letters (excerpts)   The Sykes-Picot Agreement: 15 & 16 May, 1916   The Zimmerman Note: 19 January, 1917   Balfour Declaration 1917   The Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 1918   President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points   Conditions of an Armistice With Germany   Web Assignment  3 :  The Uneasy Peace. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 43-55, 116-129.  Secondary Sources:  The Precarious Peace I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   Interwar Austria   Interwar Bulgaria   Weimar Germany   Interwar Hungary   Interwar Turkey   Primary Sources:  The Versailles Treaty: June 28, 1919   The Sèvres Treaty: August 10, 1920   The Lausanne Treaty: July 24, 1923   The Covenant of the League of Nations (Including Amendments adopted to December, 1924)   Kellogg-Briand Pact 1929   Web Assignment  4 :  The Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 43-55, 116-129.   Secondary Sources:  The Russian Revolution and the Establishment of the Soviet Union   Primary Sources:  The First Provisional Government, 1917   V. I. Lenin, "Tasks of the proletariat in the present revolution" (1917)   Lenin, "Alliance between the workers and the exploited peasants" (1917)   Lenin, "Draft decree on nationalization of banks..." (1917)   Lenin, Speech on the Nationalisation of the Banks (1917)   Lenin, "War and Revolution" (1917)   First All-Russian Congress of Soviets, June 1917   Lenin on the Organization of an Extraordinary Commission to Fight Counterrrevolution [Letter to Dzerzhinskii, December 19, 1917]   Appeal of the Council of People's Commissars to the Moslems of Russia and the East, 3 December 1917   The Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 1918   Lenin's Interview with the Manchester Guardian   1918 Constitution of the RSFSR   Lenin--Anti-Religious Campaigns   Lenin's Testament   Web Assignment  5 :  Fascism in Italy. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 105-116 .  Secondary Sources:  Interwar Italy   Stanley G. Payne on Italian Fascism   Primary Sources:  A 1922 Description of the Fascists in Italy   A Pro-Fascist View of the March on Rome   Benito Mussolini, "What is Fascism?" (1932)   Wartime Speech by Mussolini, 1941   Web Assignment  6 :  Weimar Germany and the Rise of the Nazis. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 105-116 .  Secondary Sources:  Weimar Germany and the Rise of the Nazis   William H. DuBay, "Hitler in Vienna"   The Reichstag Fire   Primary Sources: Weimar Republic, Elections   Adolf Hitler's First Antisemitic Writing (1919)   An Early Nazi Program: The 25 Points (1920)   A Hitler Speech from 4 May 1923   U.S. Diplomatic Dispatches on the Nazi Movement in Germany (1932)   Contemporary American Nazi Propaganda: National Socialism primer (1995)   Web Assignment : 7:  Great Britain and France.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 55-75, 80-95.  Secondary Sources:  Disorder: Europe in the 1920s I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Disorder: Europe in the 1920s II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   An Era of Despair I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Specialized Secondary Sources:  A Brief History of the Maginot Line   André Maginot   The Development of the Maginot Line   Primary Sources:  Stanley Baldwin on Disarmament   Edward VII's Abdication Speech   Churchill on the Abdication Crisis.   Churchill on the Annexation of Austria   French Efforts to Purchase Warplanes in the United States in 1938   Web Assignment : 8:  China. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 95-105.    Secondary Sources:  Interwar China   Primary Sources:  Ching Chun Wang, "A Plea for the Recognition of the Chinese Republic" (1913)\   Letter of Soviet Commissar of Foreign Affairs Chicherin to Sun Yat-Sen, 1 August 1918   Sun Yat-sen, "Fundamentals of National Reconstruction" (1923)   Mao Tse-Tung, "Report of an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan" (1927)   Fourteen Years of Destruction-- How Mainland Chinese Experienced the War   Chinese Version of the Nanking Massacre   Mao Tse-Tung On Tactics Against Japanese Imperialism   Mao Tse-Tung on The Tasks of the Chinese Communist Party in the Period of Resistance to Japan   Mao Tse-Tung, "Win the Masses in Their Millions for the Anti-Japanese National United Front"   Web Assignment : 9:  Japan. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 129-140 .  Secondary Sources:  Interwar Japan   Primary Sources:  Japan and the Race Issue at the Paris Peace Conference--A Japanese View   Japan and the Race Issue at the Paris Peace Conference--A Western View   Japanese Expansion in China--A Japanese View   Japanese Expansion in China--A Western View   Web Assignment : 10: The United States. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 68-72, 141-145.  Special Readings:  Lecture Notes on the U.S. in the Interwar Period   Secondary Sources:  The Interwar United States   The Crash of 1929   Primary Sources:  First Inaugural Address--Warren Harding   Inaugural Address--Calvin Coolidge   Inaugural Address--Herbert Hoover   First Inaugural Address--Franklin Roosevelt   Second Inaugural Address--Franklin D. Roosevelt   American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1940   The Depression was a Republican Trick   A Change of Vocation Brings Success   Recovery   Cosmetics and Coal   Women and the Changing Times   WPA Road   Ex-WPA Workers   Jesse Owens   Dead End Kids   Web Assignment : 11:  The Dictatorships, 1933-1939.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 141-150 .  Secondary Sources:  An Era of Despair II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   The Soviet Union in the 1930's   Gudrun Persson, "And they all confessed ... " An Account and Analysis of the Soviet Purges.   Nazi Germany   Primary Sources:  Program of the National Socialist German Workers' Party   The Nazi State as Described by the Nuremberg Trials:  The Nazi Party The SS (Schutzstaffel)   The SA (Stürmabteilungen)   The Gestapo (Geheimstatzpolizei)   The General Staff  1936 Constitution of the USSR   Soviet Repression and Terror: Kirov Murder and Purges  Indictment in the Purge Trials of "the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terroist Centre" (August 1936)   Prosecution Argument in the Purge Trials of "the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terroist Centre" (August 1936)   Verdict in the Purge Trials of "the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terroist Centre" (August 1936)   N.I. Bukharin's Last Plea before the Supreme Court of the U.S.S.R., 12 March 1938   Hymn to Stalin   Trotsky, "Stalinism and Bolshevism" (1937)   Sources on Soviet Intellectual Policy   Web Assignment : 12:  The Tide of Aggression, 1931-1939. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 141-169 .  Secondary Sources:  The Precarious Peace II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   Interwar Japan   Interwar Italy   Nazi Germany   The Spanish Civil War   Primary Sources:  Chinese Version of the Nanking Massacre   Haile Selassie's Address to the League of Nations on Italian Invasion of Ethiopia   Barcelona, 1936 from Homage to Catalonia, by George Orwell   The Alliance of Germany, Japan, and Italy During World War II   Munich Pact September 29, 1938   Anti-Comintern Pact, 1936   Web Assignment : 13:  World War II: The Axis Ascendant.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 150-169 .  Secondary Sources:  Another World War (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Specialized Secondary Sources:  The Decision to Land United States Forces in Iceland, 1941   Anti-Guerrilla Operations in the Balkans    Primary Sources:  Germany's Invasion of Poland 9/1939   Nazi-Soviet Relations 1939-1941   Great Britain's Response to Germany's Invasion of Poland   France's Response to Germany's Invasion of Poland   Franco-German Armistice : June 25, 1940   Atlantic Charter   Nuremberg Trials on Balkan War Crimes   The Axis Invasion of the U.S.S.R., according to the Nuremberg War Crimes Trial (pp. 327-334)   The Axis Invasion of the U.S.S.R., according to the Nuremberg War Crimes Trial (pp. 335-367)   A German Field Marshal Instructs the Wehrmacht on Its Role in the Soviet Union   Lend-Lease, March 11, 1941   Japanese Documents on the Pearl Harbor Operation   Documents Relating to Pearl Harbor December 1941   Web Assignment : 14:  World War II: Allied Victory.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 170-200 .  Secondary Sources:  Another World War, part 2 (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   Specialized Secondary Sources:  The First Hours of D-Day on Omaha Beach   The Decision To Halt at the Elbe   The Atomic Bombings of Japan: A 50-Year Retrospective   Primary Sources:  The Teheran Conference, 28 November-1 December 1943   Plans for Operation "Overlord", May-June 1944  Nazi Defense Plans for "Fortress Europe"   Strategic Bombing in Europe   Strategic Bombing in the Pacific   The Surrender of Berlin, May 1945.  The Yalta Conference   The Berlin (Potsdam) Conference, July 17-August 2, 1945   Web Assignment : 15:  Onset of the Cold War. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 170-200 .  Secondary Sources:  The Decade of European Recovery I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Specialized Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected East European Countries  The Warsaw Pact   New Findings on Soviet Involvement in the Korean War   Primary Sources:  Charter of the United Nations   Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill, 1946   George Kennan Views Soviet Post-War Foreign Policy, 1946   Soviet Sources on the Cold War   Truman Doctrine, 12 March 1947   North Atlantic Treaty 1949   The Warsaw Pact, 1955   Web Assignment : 16:  Decolonization in Asia. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 238-248 .  Secondary Sources:  The Retreat From Empire I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   The Retreat From Empire II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Specialized Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected East Asian and Pacific Countries  Background Notes on Selected Middle Eastern Countries  Primary Sources:  Vietnamese Declaration of Independence, 1945   The Final Declaration of the Geneva Conference on Indochina, July 21, 1954   The French "Loi-Cadre" of June 23, 1956   British Government Policy Statement on Burma, 1945   British White Paper on Palestine, 1939   Declaration of Israel's Independence, 1948   The Palestinian National Charter: Resolutions of the Palestine National Council, July 1-17, 1968   Treaty Between Israel and Egypt, 1979   Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization Agreement, 1993   Web Assignment : 17:  Decolonization in Africa.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 267-280 .  Secondary Sources:  The Retreat From Empire I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   The Retreat From Empire II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Specialized Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected African Countries   Primary Sources:  United Nations Declaration on Granting Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples,1960   Kwame Nkrumah "I Speak for Freedom", 1961   South Africa's Nuremberg Laws   Old Shapes in New Rags: Instruments of Apartheid Rule  Oliver Tambo, "Racial Problems in Africa" (1961)   Oliver Tambo, "Apartheid - the Indictment" (1964)   Oliver Tambo, "Nelson Mandela in 1965"   Oliver Tambo, "Whites in a Changing South Africa" (1989)   Communique of Mu`ammar al-Qadhafi (1969)   Qadhafi Speaks on Africa (1998)   Proclamation of the Algerian National Liberation Front   De Gaulle's Speech at Constantine, Algeria, October 3, 1958   Douglas Dryden on the Situation in the Western Sahara   Regional Accords Regarding Angola, Cuba and South Africa   Web Assignment : 18:  China and India.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 201-217, 248-266.  Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on China and Selected East Asian Countries  Background Notes on Selected South Asian Countries  Postwar China  Primary Sources:  Mao Tse-Tung, The People's Democratic Dictatorship, 1949   Lu Ting-yi, Let Flowers of Many Kinds Blossom, Diverse Schools of Thought Contend!, 1956   Two Soviet Documents on Sino-Soviet Relations in 1980   European Parliament Resolution on the Situation in Tibet   Mao Tse-Tung "On Khrushchev's Phoney Communism and Its Historical Lessons for the World"   Excerpt from Ghandi's Autobiography   Tribute to Mahatma Ghandi, January 1948   Reminiscences of Mahatma Ghandi   Documents on the Issue of Jammu and Kashmir   Declaration of Pakistan and India on Jammu and Kashmir, 1966   Prime Minister Nehru: Speech to Bandung Conference Political Committee, 1955   Web Assignment : 19:  Western and Eastern Europe.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 345-362 .  Secondary Sources:  The Decade of European Recovery II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   An Era of Booming Success I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   An Era of Booming Success II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Contemporary Europe I (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Contemporary Europe II (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Contemporary Europe III (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect )   Epilogue (From Raymond F. Betts, Europe in Retrospect)   Specialized Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected East European Countries   The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA/Comecon)   Primary Sources:  The Rome Treaty Establishing the European Community, 1957--Selected Parts   United States Department of State Press Statement on the European Common Market And The Free Trade Area, January 15, 1957   Charles de Gaulle on Britain's Proposed Entry Into The Common Market, May 16, 1967   Web Assignment : 20:  The Americas.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 282-304 .  Secondary Sources:  The United States, 1945-1995   Background Notes on American Countries   James Stamps, "Free Trade Area of the Americas"   Biography of Rigoberta Menchú   The Constuction of I, Rigoberta Menchu   Poetic Truth   The Attack on Rigoberta Menchú   I, Rigoberta Menchú, Liar (2 parts)   John Leo, "Nobel Prize for Fiction?"   Primary Sources:  Juan Peron on Justicialism, 1950   Eva Perón: History of Perónism, excerpts, 1951   U. S. State Department on Communism in Latin America, 1958   Operation Pan-America, 1959   John Kennedy on the Alliance for Progress, 1961   Fidel Castro: Second Declaration of Havana, 1962   Report on the Alliance for Progress, 1963   Fidel Castro on the Export of Revolution   The North American Free Trade Agreement  Web Assignment : 21:  The Soviet Bloc. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 353-362 .  Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected East European Countries  Soviet Union 1945-1985   Roy Medvedev on Leonid Brezhnev   Mark Kramer, The Prague Spring and the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia: New Interpretations   Primary Sources:  Roy Medvedev on Leonid Brezhnev   The Czech Hardliners' "Request" for Soviet Intervention, August 1968   The Brezhnev Doctrine, 1968   Declassified Soviet Documents on the Polish Crisis if 1980-1981   Constitution of the USSR (1977)   Sources on Soviet Intellectual Policy   Petition on the Legality of the Trial of Ginzburg, Galanskov, Dobrovol'skii and Lashkova (1968)   Political Anecdotes   Soviet Foreign Policy During the Cold War: A Documentary Sampler on Vietnam and Afghanistan   Web Assignment : 22:  The Development of Asia. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 362-398 .  Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected East Asian and Pacific Countries   Background Notes on China and Selected East Asian Countries  Background Notes on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations   Sandra Rivera, "The Importance of the Asia-Pacific Region in World Commerce"   Why has China's Economic Reform been Successful?   The Role of Government in Chinese Economic Transformation in a Comparative Perspective   Michael Youssef, "The Impact of the Asian Financial Crisis on the World Economy "  Web Assignment : 23:  The Decline of Communism. Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 362-398 .  Secondary Sources:  Background Notes on Selected East European Countries  Soviet Union 1945-1985   A Profile of Gorbachev   The Gorbachev Homepag e   R. J. Brown, The Computer Disk that Helped Topple A Government   The Fall Of The Soviet Union: Whys And Wherefores  Primary Sources:  Document on Chernobyl'   Documents on Pereistroika   Sources on Soviet Intellectual Policy   Gorbachev on the Coup's Fifth Anniversary   Transcript of the Closed trial of Nicolae and Elena Ceaucescu   Letter from E. Shevardnadze to M.S. Gorbachev, 20 December 1989   Memorandum of Conversation with the Ambassador of the SRR [Socialist Republic of Romania] in the USSR, I. Bukur, 21 December 1989   Record of Conversation with the Ambassador of the SFRY [Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia] in the USSR, Milan Veres, 22 December 1989   Record of Conversation with U.S. Ambassador to the USSR, J. Matlock, 24 December 1989   Russian Constitution of 1993   Web Assignment : 24:  Fundamentalism and Nationalism.  Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 306-344 .  Secondary Sources:  Benjamin Barber, "Jihad Vs. McWorld"   Specialized Secondary Sources  The Caucasus: Between Perils and Opportunities   Edouard Shevardnadze on the Georgian-Abkhaz Civil War   Alexander Taktakichvili, The Sins of Georgia   Irakli Zurab Kakabadze, Russian Troops in Abkhazia: Peacekeeping, or Keeping Both Pieces?   Robert Coles, "Ulster's Children: Waiting for the Prince of Peace"   Robert D. Kaplan, "Sons of Devils: In a turbulent region the stateless Kurds play the role of spoiler"   V.S. Naipaul, "Among the Believers"   Partha Banerjee, In the Belly of the Beast: The Hindu Supremacist RSS and BJP of India: An Insider's story  Kosovo-Metohija: The Serbo-Albanian Conflict   Implementation of Serbian Projects on Expulsions of Albanians in the 19th Century   The Expulsions of Albanians and Colonisation of Kosova during 1990-1995   Serbia in the 21st Century: The Problem of Kosovo-Metohija   Primary Sources:  Ayatollah Khomeini and the Urprising of Khurdad, 1979   Hamas Covenant, 1988   V.S. Naipaul, "Among the Believers"   Mu`ammar al-Qadhafi on the Nation   Mihir Meghani on "Hindutva: The Great Nationalist Ideology"   Web Assignment : 25:  The End of History? Main Text Reading: The World in the Twentieth Century, pp. 398-415 . Secondary Sources:  Francis Fukuyama on The End of History and the Last Man   SATÔ Seizaburô, "Clash of Civilizations or Cross-Fertilization of Civilizations?"   Benjamin Barber, "Jihad Vs. McWorld"   Robert D. Kaplan, "The Coming Anarchy"   John Roberts II, "Whose Problem Is 2000?"   David Pryce-Jones, "Corruption Rules the World"   Vincent Ferarro, "The Policy Implications of Global Economic Inequity", I   Vincent Ferarro, "The Policy Implications of Global Economic Inequity", II   David Aikman, "Slavery in Our Time"   copyright 2000 Sam Houston State University.  All rights reserved.